Effect of planting date on yield and its components of different genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in the fields of College of Agriculture / University of Diyala during the spring season of 2021 with the aim of studying the impact of two agricultural dates: the first date (3/11) and the second date (3/21) for twelve genetic compositions of maize, which are: (Fajr1, Syngenta, Baghdad,  Furat, Shahad,  Zp,    Kws,  Zwan, 5108, Maha, Summer, and Sara), by using the design of the entire random sectors and the arrangement of renegade panels in three duplicates.  Studying the aspects: (Grain amount ton H^-1, Number of cones. Plant^-1, weight of 300 grains g, plant product g, protein percentage %, harvest guide,  Number of plant cones in plant, number of grains with cones, grain product ton h^-1).  The results showed that the genotype (Oryx) outperformed the rest of the structures in the characteristics of the number of pods per plant, weight of 300 grains, plant yield gm, grain yield ton. h^-1 and biological yield which amounted to (1.466 pods, 75.833 gm, 134.92 gm, 7196 tons. h^-1 and 18976), respectively, and did not differ significantly from the genotype (Baghdad) in the trait of harvest index, which gave the highest harvest index of 0.5981 and the highest protein percentage in the Sumer genotype was 8.8755%. It was noted that there were significant differences between sowing dates for all studied traits, as the second date was superior in traits (weight of 300 grains, plant yield, grain yield ton.h^-1, biological yield ton.h^-1, harvest index) with averages (68.325 g, 111,874 g, 5966.6 ton h^-1, 15417 ton h^-1, 0.426) respectively. Compared to the first date, which excelled in the trait (number of grains in the ear, protein %) with an average of (376) grains and (8.650%), respectively. And the superiority of the combination between the genotype (Al-Maha) in the second date in most of the studied traits.