The refereeing leadership of volleyball referees in Iraq

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is building and applying the arbitral leadership scale for volleyball referees in Iraq, identifying the nature of the arbitral leadership level for volleyball referees in Iraq and the possibility of predicting it through a form prepared for this purpose. The researchers used the descriptive approach using survey methods, correlational relationships and predictive studies in order to suit the requirements of the study, and the research community was determined by the working referees accredited and registered in the records of the Iraqi Central Volleyball Federation, which numbered (90) referees. Divided into the three arbitral scores (international, first and second),the research sample was chosen by the comprehensive inventory method, and the refereeing  leadership form consisted of (22) paragraphs representing (4) dimensions, which are (appearance and personality, match management, cooperation and commitment, decision-making), and the refereeing leadership of volleyball referees was evaluated by the (5) match supervisors, and five standard levels were extracted for the sample using the statistical bag (spss) to extract the results, and from the results that came out The researchers, after applying the scale to the research sample, said that the study scale for volleyball referees in Iraq is a valid tool for measuring and evaluating their refereeing leadership and distinguishing between them, just as the volleyball referees in Iraq are superior and at high levels in all dimensions of the arbitral leadership scale. (Appearance and personality, match management, cooperation and commitment, decision-making), and one of the recommendations that came out of the research is the importance of adopting a central volleyball referee committee for the refereeing  leadership form prepared by researchers to evaluate the performance of volleyball referees.