Molecular Detection of CopA Gene Belongs to Escherichia coli isolated from women Using Metallic Intrauterine Contraceptive Device

Abstract

Women's contraceptives are a highly effective method of preventing conception, with success rates of up to 99 percent . They are divided into two types: the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) and the oral contraceptive pill (OCP)  . Contraceptives are thought to influence the amount and location of typical floral bacteria in the female reproductive system .

The rise in Vaginitis infection cases, particularly among IUCD users, could be related to a variety of factors, including a decrease in the number and prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. bacteria in this group of women, as well as a significant increase in other bacterial kinds such as Escherichia coli, which rose several times when compared to the control group, as well as cervix injury. Escherichia coli is one of the causes of vaginitis, and it is one of a group of aerobic bacteria that infect the female reproductive system and that are transmitted through sexual contact and can infect other parts of the body such as the intestines and cause many diseases. copA copper resistance gene present in E.coli.  The goals of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Escherichia coli in two groups of women (one group use intrauterine contraceptive device IUCD and the other group don’t use any type of contraceptive) with bacterial vaginosis infection and the role of the copA gene from E.coli in women who use contraceptives and have inflammation by conventional and molecular methods and to determining the copA gene of these isolate. Clinically suspected women with symptoms and signs of bacterial vaginosis. Who recruited into out-patient clinics of Gynecology  and Obstetrics, in Al-Imammian AL_Kadhmain Teaching Hospital\AL_ Elweya Maternity Hospital\Kamal Al_Samarrai Hospital\Ibn Al_Baladi Hospital\Fatima Al_ Zahraa Hospital ;enrolled in this cross-sectional investigation.

Two high vaginal swabs from each women were used , Vaginal swabs were taken by gynecologic .The first swab was utilized for a direct wet-mount smear, smell test, and Gram stain smear, while the second was cultured for additional microbiological assessments. Out of 200 high vaginal swabs were culture positive on deferent media showed that in G1 5(5%)E.coli while In G2 8(8%)E.coli and there is no Significance differences .

While PCR targeting  (copA gene) revealed this gene was present in all E.coli isolated from G1 and present in 6 isolated E.coli from G2 ,while absence in 2 isolated E.coli from G2 with a product size of approximated 765 bp.

All swabs from G2 were examined to detect copper in uterus by absorption method and all the results were negative .

The conclusion That there is no copper released from contraceptives, and the evidence is the presence of the gene in the two groups, and perhaps there are other factors that have to do with the presence of bacteria in the women of the second group.