Resistance of Aedes Aegypti Mosquito on Cypermethrin and Cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Overcrowding Population in Kediri City
Abstract
Based on the results of research on the Aedes aegypti mosquito resistance test in 2019 that the Kediri Regency area was declared resistant to malathion, for this reason, the Kediri District Health Office in the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever vector control program for the past two years has switched from organophosphate group insecticides to synthetic pyrethroid (cypermethrin) insecticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the resistance status of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to cypermethrin in Kediri Regency.
The type of research is True Experiment with posttest-only control group design. The Aedes aegypti mosquitoes used came from all sub-districts in Kediri Regency. The research sample was taken from the 3rd generation (F3) of adult Aedes aegypti mosquitoes which were exposed using impregnated paper with the active ingredient Cypermethrin 0.05% in a contact time of 30, 45 and 60 minutes. The data were analyzed to determine the resistance status referring to WHO, as well as to describe the population density with cases of dengue fever and dengue virus serotypes in Kediri Regency.
Kediri Regency until 2021 is not included in the densely populated (low) category. The area with the highest cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is in Pare District and the lowest case is in Semen and Kandangan Districts. Overall, the IR of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Kediri District is 12.10 per 100,000 population and the CFR is 1.04%, with the serotype DEN-1, DEN. -2 and DEN-4. The average temperature and humidity of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae for breeding are 27oC and 72%, respectively. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from all sub-districts in Kediri Regency 100% died at 30 minutes after being exposed to impregnated paper with the active ingredient cypermethrin 0.05% and the sensitivity status was in the vulnerable category. It is recommended that the cypermethrin insecticide resistance status be tested every 2 – 3 years.