Allele Frequency of CTLA4 (rs 733618) gene with Women of Breast Cancer in Baghdad Population

Abstract

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of rs733618 nucleotide on chromosome 2q33 and producing sCTLA4 glycoprotein in a sample of women with early-stage breast cancer in Baghdad city. Method: After collecting the samples represented by 93 patients with 50 used as control women whose ages ranged from (30-70), DNA was extracted and SNP-specific (rs733618) genotyping was measured using real-time polymerase chain, and assay of sCTLA4 immune protein in the serum of all samples by ELISA technique. Result: The results of genotyping (CTLA4, rs733618 T>C) for all samples of women were the emergence of three types of genotypes (TT, TC, CC), and the observed number in patient samples were (TT=21, OR= 4.51 , 95%CI= 1.29-15.77, P=0.012), (TC= 17, OR= 0.63 , 95%CI= 0.28-1.42, P= 0.266 ), and (CC= 55, OR= 0.69, 95%CI= 0.34-1.42 ,P= 0.320), and the frequency of alleles were ( T= 0.32, OR= 1.95 ,95%CI= 1.09-3.50, P= 0.025) and (C= 0.68, OR= 0.51 ,95%CI= 0.29-0.92,P= 0.025 ) respectively. The sCTLA4 immunoprotein level results for both women with breast cancer and the control group were (2.02 ± 0.20 Pg/ml and 1.73 ± 0.13 Pg/ml), respectively. The results also showed the relationship between sCTLA4 and the three genotypes represented by the genotyped locus (rs733618). Discussion: In this study show the distribution of genotypes (TT, TC, CC ) in the population of women diagnosed with breast cancer was unbalanced at (P≤ 0.05 ), and the TT genotype was significantly different at (P≤0.01). And this imbalance may be due to several factors including different population characteristics (sample size and differences in lifestyle), and the difference Genetic between the two study groups or it may be migration between communities which can affect the current ratio of alleles and their distribution in the community The results of sCDLA4 concentration did not show any significant effect between patients when compared to the control group, and also we found that the concentration of sCDLA4 was higher in the TT genotype, By a significant difference (p ≤ 0.01), the consensus in previous studies was that the CTLA4-318 T allele causes inhibition of lymphocyte activation and thus limits tumor immunoreactivity by increasing the expression of CTLA4.